1. Abstract
Complication of twitching of the latissimus dorsi muscle after thoracotomy for esophageal cancer is rare. We represent our experience treating twitching and pain of the latissimus dorsi muscle with ultrasound-guided botulinum injection. The symptoms were relieved for three months.

1. Abstract
In spite of the deep insight that has been gathered hitherto in Molecular Genetics, a few obscurities are as challenging as they were. Among these, introns, with reference to its functionality, have been debated quite often. And many theories that have emerged following such grappling discussions have given believable explanations but have failed to give a convincing answer eventually.

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.47829/JJGH.2020.41405

1. Abstract
Although numerous extrahepatic manifestations associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection have been reported, thyroid disorder is extremely rare. Here, we present a male patient with acute hepatitis E (AHE) showing asymptomatic and transient hyperthyroid- ism due to autoimmune thyroiditis

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47829/JJGH.2020.41202

1. Abstract
The review analyzed and systematized data on the action of cholera toxin B subunit (CT-
B) and the synthetic peptide LKEKK that corresponds to residues 16-20 in thymosin-? and 131-135 in interferon-?2 on the functional, NO-synthase and guanylate cyclase activ- ity of T and B lymphocytes, of macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7, of human Caco-2
and rat IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cell lines.

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.47829/JJGH.2020.41401

1. Clinical Image
A 61-year-old-man who had been follow up for bilateral renal cysts, accidentally found hepatic hemangiomas and pancreatic cysts. Distal pancreatectomy showed cystic pancreatic lymphagioma and there was no evidence of invasive malignancy. The cyst is 10 cm in size, at the tail of pancre- as. There is no connection between cystic lesion and pancreatic duct.

1. Abstract
Whereas serum prothrombin induced vitamin K deficiency or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) is a di- agnostic and prognostic marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the serum PIVKA-II level rarely increases in chronic liver diseases in the absence of HCC. Although warfarin administration induces marked elevation of PIVKA-II, warfarin discontinuation may lead to swift normalization of PIVKA-II, usually within several weeks, although the elimination half-time of warfarin varies greatly among individuals.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47829/JJGH.2020.41301

1. Letter to Editor
The Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) could be a viral respiratory disorder that caused
by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 [1]. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(SARS- CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS- CoV) are two
pathogenic viruses in humans. Both SARS?CoV and MERS?CoV are zoonotic in origin and
both viruses originated in bats, during this review; we summarize the origin of COVID-19.

1. Clinical Image
A 5 year old girl had a pancreatic mass. Resection reveals a circumscribed lobulated mass in pancreas with greyish brown color. The mass are composed of vascular structures re- sembling veins and capillary-sized vessels. Endothelial lining cells are flattened with bland looking nuclei. While the remaining pancreas tissue is unremarkable (Pic A, original magni- fication x40) (Pic B, original magnification x200).

1. Introduction
Gastric antral vascular ectasia is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anaemia [1]. The condition is associated with dilated small blood ves- sels in the antrum, or the last part of the stomach. It is also called watermelon stomach because streaky long red areas that are present in the stomach may resemble the markings on watermelon [2].

1. Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus Flavus fungus that contaminates many sources of food. This mycotoxin has its metabolism into the liver. So, Aflatoxin B1 metabolites create a DNA mutation at the third base of codon 249 in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, inducing a G to T trasversion (AGG to AGT), which replace an arginine “R” to a serine “S”.