1. Abstract
Esophageal Foreign Bodies (FBs) are the common clinical emergency, accounting for 4% of emergency endoscopic diagnosis and therapeutic approach. Approaches to handle these cases are evolved continuously and offered better treatment with less cost, reduced surgery, improved visualization with high success rate. Clinically data
are lacking to choose the better method and whether to use auxiliary devices or not, for safe, quickly, and efficiently with reduced complications to remove the esophageal FBs. In China only 20,000 cases of
adult esophageal FBs have been reported yet in the past five years.
However, up to date no retrospective studies have been evaluated the safe and effective endoscopic management of esophageal FBs in China.

1. Abstract
1.1. Background: Intestinal endometriosis (IE) is a chronic estrogen-dependent disease characterized by endometrial stroma outside the uterine cavity. It affects 10 to 15% of women and may present with pelvic pain and worsening quality of life. Treatment can be surgical, such as videolaparoscopic segmental colectomy (VSC).

1. Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder with a high prevalence rate, which affects the quality of life (QOL) and psychological health of patients to varying degrees. To understand the perceptions, attitudes, and treatment intentions of IBS among the general public, we conducted a questionnaire survey on IBS.

1. Abstract
Claudin-1 is an important member of the cellular tight junction protein, which is very important to barrier function. But some studies have shown that Claudin-1 is associated with cell proliferation, so its role in asthma gets more and more attention. Asthma is associated with clotting system in the lungs. Thrombin is thought to be associated with pro-inflammatory, pro-proliferative and pro-migratory activities. Also, thrombin can result in the disintegration of Claudin-1 from the tight junction protein complex. Therefore, we speculated that thrombin may interact with Claudin-1 in the lung tissue of asthma. Thirty female mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, asthma group, thrombin group. The expression of claudin-1 was observed by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR.

1. Abstract
1.1. Case Report: We present a thirty year old female who was diagnosed recently to be suffering from cryptogenic related compensated chronic liver disease. She had no history of ascites, pedal edema, upper or lower gastrointestinal bleed or Porto systemic encephalopathy. On evaluation her complete haemogram revealed mild anemia and thrombocytopenia, liver function were mildly deranged with slight increase in serum bilirubin, transaminases and mild coagulopathy as evidenced by International Normalized Ratio (INR) level of 1.3. The renal function test, thyroid profile, blood sugar, serum electrolytes, autoimmune and Wilson profile were normal and viral screen was negative. The ultrasonogram abdomen revealed coarse and shrunken liver with altered echotexture and splenomegaly. The serum IgA TTG (tissue tranglutaminase) antibody test was positive (28.5 I.U./ml ). The patient was subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for screening of varices as well as duodenal biopsies for confirming associated celiac disease. The endoscopy revealed low grade esophageal varices but three prominent duodenal varices located in second part. Normally, duodenal biopsies for confirming celiac disease are also taken from second part of duodenum. In this case a great caution was taken while taking biopsy, so as to avoid trauma to duodenal varices. In such cases even biopsies from first part of duodenum can also be taken.

1. Abstract
1.1. Background and Aims: This study analyzed medications among NAFLD (controlled attenuation parameter ≥302 dB/m) ± diabetes or advanced fibrosis (AF, stiffness ≥9.7 kPa).
1.2. Method: 2017-2018 NHANES data were analyzed. Exclusion criteria were age<18, high alcohol consumption (≥7/14 drinks/week for females/males, respectively), or viral hepatitis.
1.3. Results: Of 3,899, 26.3% had NAFLD, 4.8% AF, 16.7% diabetes. Increased medications and classes were associated with NAFLD and AF. Diabetics had low usage of GLP1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors regardless of NAFLD status.
1.4. Conclusion: Individuals with NAFLD or AF had higher risk of polypharmacy, but decreased usage of potentially beneficial medications including GLP1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors.

1. Abstract
1.1. Background: We evaluated the changes of biomarkers and their significance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
1.2. Methods: One hundred and ten nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients were enrolled into experimental group and one hundred and ten healthy people into control group. The plasma levels of biomarkers were detected.
1.3. Results: The level of biomarkers was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (P<0.05). The ALT, AST and UC measured values were significantly higher in patients with moderate liver steatosis and severe liver steatosis compared to those with mild fatty liver steatosis(P<0.05). The plasma levels of FBG were negatively associated with LDL-C (P<0.05) and C1q (P<0.05) in FLD patients. The plasma levels of FBG were positively associated with GGT (P<0.05) in FLD patients.
1.4. Conclusions: The data demonstrate that plasma sensitive markers for early diagnosis of gut failure and possibility of FLD. The impairment of intestinal barrier function may be one of the critical reasons for deterioration of FLD.

1. Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by an energy imbalance, which is becoming an increasingly prevalent and ubiquitous problem worldwide. Its cause is complex, including genetic factors, high fat diet, intestinal tract bacterium group. The effect of intestinal flora on obesity has been widely recognized in the past few years. This article reviews the possible mechanism of intestinal flora in the occurrence of obesity, then proposes a new idea for using intestinal flora to intervene obesity.

1. Abstract
1.1. Introduction: The Endocuff (EC) significantly improves the Adenoma Detection Rate (ADR). Whereas cecal intubation and cost-effectiveness using the EC have been studied repeatedly, evidence regarding the Ileum Intubation Rate (IIR) remains scarce. This study investigates the IRR and ADR in EC-assisted colonoscopy compared with standard colonoscopy in patients undergoing screening and/or surveillance colonoscopy.

1. Abstract
Hepatocyte transplantation for acute liver failure and metabolic liver disorders represent a potential alternative to traditional orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Additionally, cultured primary hepatocytes are an important tool for in vitro pharmacological studies. Advances in clinical hepatocyte transplantation and drug studies depend on the development of standardized isolation and culturing protocols as well as high-quality enzymes for liver tissue digestion. The isolation of primary hepatocytes for clinical applications must comply with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) regulations which may include the use of digestion enzymes produced to cGMP standards.